RLE(Run-length encoding)

多媒體資料壓縮常用的方法，常與Huffman code並用
例如一個字串
aaabbcccccdddeee=>2ab2c5d3e3
RLE就是將一連串的資料改以兩部分來顯示，前面是symbol,後面是重複次數, run length), 實務上使用
會出現一次的字元長度無需紀錄

Google Chrome Helper (Renderer) caused High CPU usage - Troubleshooting PartII

1. first, use Activity Monitor to see the process id
2. use ps command to get the full parameter command, for example the process id is 2575 ps -eaf |grep 2575
501 2575 977 0 9:35AM ?? 13:41.86 /Applications/Google Chrome.app/Contents/Frameworks/Google Chrome Framework.framework/Versions/87.0.4280.88/Helpers/Google Chrome Helper (Renderer).app/Contents/MacOS/Google Chrome Helper (Renderer) --type=renderer --field-trial-handle=1718379636,11371335434017450687,8516321483698338535,131072 --lang=en-US --num-raster-threads=4 --enable-zero-copy --enable-gpu-memory-buffer-compositor-resources --enable-main-frame-before-activation --renderer-client-id=32 --no-v8-untrusted-code-mitigations --shared-files --seatbelt-client=443
3. take the example, we see there is --enable-zero-copy parameter
4. we can continue to check chrome settting. chrome://flags/ 3.Disable "Enable Render Level Data Use Optimization

Google Chrome Helper (Renderer) 在Mac OS 佔用過高的CPU問題

最近筆電風扇狂轉，發現幾乎都是Google Chrome造成的，剛好最近很熱門的一個議題chrome is back 裡面提到的問題有兩個

1. 一個是chrome會自動更新，之前還曾經因為自動幫所有使用者更新，早成沒開啟SIP的系統無法開機，如果要關閉，可以考慮把/Library/LaunchAgents/裡面兩個含有keystone 關鍵字的daemon 關閉，就是額外增加一個Disabled

com.google.keystone.agent.plist
com.google.keystone.xpcservice.plist

2.佔用太多cpu問題，在chrome search bar上輸入

chrome://settings/content/unsandboxedPlugins
然後把原本 Ask when a site wants to use a plugin to access your coputer (recommned) 這選項關閉
即可把問題解決，缺點就是之後可能一些影片就不會在自動播放

ACK: 一個好用的檔案搜尋工具

用法：

ack option [搜尋文字]  [文件或目錄]

範例

	-i	—ignore-case	忽略大小寫
	-v	—invert-match	反轉比對，列出不含選擇字詞
	-A	—after-context	跟grep 用法想法，顯示比對到字詞的後幾行
	-B	—before-context	跟grep 用法想法，顯示比對到字詞的前幾行
—type		限制搜尋的特定type，可以搭配 --help-types

談『階級複製』

最近看者很多政二代，星二代，富二代一連串的浮出檯面創業出道，以前對這問題其實沒想太多，也沒太感嘆，但隨者年紀越大，會發現這階級複製根本也不是近代才出現，回頭去看我自己世代
出頭天的人其實本身也是富二代，甚至很多明星也是星二代，這類問題不是今日才出現，而是一直存在的事實，然後回頭想一想，對於自己小孩的教育，到底要如何，才能讓他們突破這個難以打破的階級複製包袱，我原本對小孩的要求

自學的能力：

安排時間的能力：

• 對於緊急的事情，要仔細思考再動手，避免犯錯
• 對於不急的事情，得趕快去做，不要拖延

從來都不知道我的部落格有這麼值錢

Ｗhat is metadata

Meta data is a data about data (Data describes attributes of resource)

Pokemongo 搜尋語法

其他：名字(name),別名(Nickname),屬性（Pokemon type),區域(Region)

#合眾：列出合眾區域的寶可夢

圖鑑編號：

#直接用數字：03, 280
# +寶可夢：列出所有寶可夢家族 +皮卡丘：列出皮丘，皮卡丘，雷丘

寶可夢屬性查詢：

#加上要查詢的屬性cp, hp: cp 03
#查詢區間 cp(combat power) 03-50
         cp -235.   (cp <235)
         cp 235-   ( cp > 235)
         hp(health points) 120
＃距離(distance)。   距離1000-  (距離 > 1000公里）
#阿羅拉：列出阿羅拉寶可夢
#0-4*: 顯示隊長評價
    #4*  4星評價, iv 100
    #3*. 3星評價
#只限蛋：只限制能從蛋孵化出來的寶可夢
#孵化：會顯示所有能從蛋孵化出的寶可夢，但不代表顯示出來的寶可夢一定從蛋孵化
#亮晶晶：顯示亮晶晶寶可夢
#傳說的寶可夢：
#幻：列出幻之寶可夢
#淨化：列出所有淨化的寶可夢
#暗影：列出所有暗影寶可夢
#異色：列出所有色違的寶可夢
#特殊：列出所有特殊活動的寶可夢，例如戴帽子的皮卡丘
＃交換：列出交換而來的寶可夢

技能(Move) ＆技能屬性(Move type): 前面+@會列出 所有擁有此技能的寶可夢

#@地震：列出所有擁有地震技能的寶可夢，打團戰時，組隊最適合用的指令
#@冰：列出所有屬於冰屬性技能的寶可夢
#＠1,@2,@3 + 技能： ＠1:列出一般技能，＠2列出特殊技能,@3所有技能
#@1哈欠：列出一般技能為哈欠的寶可夢

進化相關：

#進化
#道具
#Mega-Evolvable 超級進化 

搜尋特定狀態的寶可夢

#日數：日數0: (24小時內捕捉的寶可夢)
        日數1:（24-48小時捕捉的）
#夥伴等級：夥伴0-5
    #夥伴0：未設定過夥伴
    #夥伴5:正港好夥伴
#進化：可進化的寶可夢
#防禦者：在道館上的寶可夢
#道具：需要道具進化的寶可夢
#未登錄：輸入未登錄能搜尋可以透過進化增加圖鑑內容寶可夢的寶可夢
    #如果想找可以立刻進化的寶可夢請搜尋「進化＆未登錄」。
#交換進化：能搜尋可以透過交換不需要使用糖果就可以進化寶可夢。
#天氣優勢：輸入＠天氣，會顯示招式中有受天氣獎勵加成的寶可夢
#年：搜尋特殊年份的寶可夢 年2016 : 2016年捕捉到的

進階:

#複數條件搜尋請使用&, | 
    # & : and
    # | : or
    # ! : 排除的
    # 最小值：  - 加在後面 , cp300-
#多條件搜尋：
    ＃使用[,],[:]或[;]來搜尋符合任一條件的寶可夢

How to get a posix path on mac

you can use PWD command as variable
for example list absolute path of file in ./scripts

ls -d "$PWD"/scripts/*

How to generate iso image on Mac

1. Use disk utilty to generate cdr file format
2. disk format: select DVD/CD master

1. It will geneate a file extension .cdr

2. hdiutil makehybrid -iso -joliet -o destination.iso source.cdr

3. hdiutil convert source.cdr -format UDTO -o destination.iso

How to Format Read-only USB Drive successful

Use "Diskpart" command

on windows dos prompt

DiskPpart

## list disk

Diskpart > list disk
## select disk in
Diskpart > select disk. [1,2..]
## attributes disk
Diskpart > attribute disk
## modify Read-only state from yes to "no
Diskpart > attributes disk clear readonly

uber go : automaxprocs

今天早上看到同事分享說採用automaxprocs,RPS提升了20%，然後google了一下，automaxprocs主要就是正確的幫忙調適docker內可用的cpu數量

例如

#kubectl get pod testpod -n default -o=jsonpath='{.spec.containers[0].resources}'
#map[limits:map[cpu:500m memory:128Mi] requests:map[cpu:100m memory:128Mi]]%

一般在container go routine會遇到的問題就在於container 中會拿到host node上面的cpu 核心數, 這就會導致golang 服務預設會拿host node上面的cpu核心數來調適 runtime.GOMAXPROCS(), 導致Ｐ數量元(註一）大於可用的CPU核心數，所以效能就會受影響
automaxprocs 能夠辯視真正的核心數，合理的設置go processor避免這個問題

lscpu |head -n 10

[ec2-user@ip-10-102-140-123 ~]$ lscpu |head -n 10
Architecture:        x86_64
CPU op-mode(s):      32-bit, 64-bit
Byte Order:          Little Endian
CPU(s):              4
On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3
Thread(s) per core:  2
Core(s) per socket:  2
Socket(s):           1
NUMA node(s):        1
Vendor ID:           GenuineIntel

仔細觀看automaxprocs 的source code就可以發現
automaxprocs/automaxprocs.go
核心函數就是maxprocs.Set() 他會正確的從cgroup種獲取設置的cpu quota然後轉換合適的GOMAXPROCS , iruntime.CPUQuotaToGOMAXPROCS()
parse 的位置 /proc/$pid/cgroup

package automaxprocs // import "go.uber.org/automaxprocs"

import (
    "log"

    "go.uber.org/automaxprocs/maxprocs"
)

func init() {
    maxprocs.Set(maxprocs.Logger(log.Printf))
}

註一：
GO scheduler中
* Ｇ：goroutine
* P : Processor(Logical)
* M : machine

How to manager multiple version terraform on Mac

1. Use tfenv
   # brew install tfenv
2. use tfenv to install terraform
   # tfenv list
   # tfenv install 0.13.1
   # tfenv use 0.13.1 (as default)

詭異的Google blogger 異常流量

今天在研究部落格流量跟文章數到底有沒有關係，因為8月以來我有刻意多寫部落格，雖然知道部落格根本沒人看，但也知道都會有一些網路爬蟲會自動爬部落格造成一些少少的流量，然後今天一看統計資料竟然在5/12當日有一天5600的流量，但我回頭看，整個五月份根本沒寫任何一篇文章，不知道為什麼流量會暴增，但更奇怪的是，對比Google AdSense五月份根本沒爆衝的流量，所以這可能是單純google blogger的bug 所以內部系統轉換造成的異常流量

有錢人的小孩成功機率比較高嗎？

一早進公司在網路上看新聞，就跑出這個新聞，突然發現其實創業那需要什麼專業，似乎只要有錢就可以了，也難怪常常看到某某富二代，富三代又創立了什麼公司，其實這答案說對也對，說不對也對，因為這比的是允許失敗的次數，有錢人創業失敗了，可能可以繼續第二次，第三次失敗，然後從錯誤中學習，或者說等待機會，但一般人可能連走出創業這條路就是要考慮甚多，包袱慎大，所以有機會實在應該讓自己小孩多參與創業的訓練，或者至少幫他們在觀念上多補足
Nono送「一間百萬公司」 淡出雞排⋯幫朱海君圓副業夢

Packer 101

What is packer?
A:Packer is a free and open source tool for creating golden image for multiple platform from a single source configuration.

• Packer works works on json files

• What are on Packer json ?

1.builder(required): Builders are components of packer to create machine image
* type
* iso_url (required)
* iso_checksum (required)
* iso_checksum_type (required)
* ssh_username (optional)
* shutdown_command (optional)
* vm_name (optional)
* guest_os_type (optional)
* disk_size (optional)
* http_directory (optional)
* boot_wait (optional)
* boot_command (optional)
* floppy_file (optional)

there are several type of buildfer

builder	說明
amazon-ebs	is able to create Amazon AMIs backed by EBS volumes for use in EC2
docker	{
	"builders": [{
	"type":
	"docker",
	"image":
	"alpine",
	"export_path":
	"alpine-basic.tar"
	}]
	}

1. varaibles （option): such as AWS access and secret key "variables": {
"aws_access_key": "{{env `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID`}}",
"aws_secret_key": "{{env `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`}}",
"region": "us-east-1"
}, 3.provisioners (options)

4.pos-processors(options)
* type
* override
* virtualbox
* output
Packer commands

查看 example.json 結構

packer inspect example.json

驗證 example.json 語法

packer validate example.json

產生 vm image

packer build example.json

機械鍵盤

Filco介紹
今天同事在討論購買外接鍵盤，然後他跑去同事推薦的金鍵盤店家去測試手感，雖然他說很滿意，但他卻被他的價格嚇到，我是一直有看到同事在推坑，但卻從沒被燒到過，不過也第一次覺得想要稍微花點時間研究，為什麼那麼多人入坑呢？

ISO/IEC 27017: Extending ISO/IEC 27001 into the Cloud

縮寫｜全名
CLD

黃金思考圈 (WHY — HOW — WHAT)

主要是提起所謂的Golden Circle, 跟大腦的結構其實是息息相關的，一個人或組織做事要成功，應該是由內往外推動，先讓人們認知到Why: 為何你要這樣做，然後推廣到How: 你要如何做，最後就自然而然變成結果What
一個簡單的觀念，但能推動持續保持的組織卻很少，我目前的部門也是在這種類似的風氣下成立，但不到半年，CEO似乎就忘了初衷，又推到結果導向，而忘了為什麼當初要成立這個組織

How to list epic and related tasks in confluence using Jira issue

Ans: Use macro "Jira issues/Filter" and use search keywords "Epic Link" = XXXXX

在iPad上看code

使用Textastic 跟 Working Copy 兩個配合，可以很簡單的在Textatic上開啟repository 上的code
Use Drag and Drop on iPad to Open a Repository

1. 在iPad上使用分割視窗，同時開啟Textastic 跟working copy
2. 直接把working copy上的repo 拖拉到Textastic上即可

C名題精選百則1-1: 最長平台

找出最長平台
1,2,2,3,3,3,4,5,5,6
把陣列中最長的平台找出

class Solution:
    def findPlate(self,list):
        """
        :type nums: List[int]
        :rtype: int
        """
        #length=len(list)
        sorted_list=sorted(list)
        length=1
        for i in range(len(sorted_list)):

            if(sorted_list[i]==sorted_list[i-length]):
                length=length+1
        return sorted_list[length]


nums=[1,2,2,3,3,3,4,5,5,6]


result=Solution().findPlate(nums)
print(result)

交通部推出遊買集APP

https://tw.news.yahoo.com/報復花公帑2-開發普通app只需300萬-交通部-umaji-初代就花7900萬-220000393.html

第一代二○一七年九月上架，就花了七千九百萬元；第二代二○一九年十一月上架，花了六千九百萬元，前後共花了近一億五千萬元

雖然沒用過，但開發費用這麼高一定要做個紀錄研究一下。其實這個跟之前我抱怨過的每個部會都在出app然後，做類似振興券的功能，都各出個的app然後收個別的個資，其實不太適合，政府本來就有民眾的個資，單純為了驗證資料或說登記，就要讓民眾個資爆漏在網路上的危險，所謂的勞民傷財就是這樣

What is meta data

From wiki page,
Metadata is "data that provide information about other data"
Include some different types:

• Descriptive metadata
• Structural metadata
• Administrative metadata
• Reference metadata
• Statistical metadata

# MacOS error code

## MacOS error Troubleshooting skill

1. If error code was relative security, can use security command to see the detail #can use following command to get the detail
$security error -67062
2. How to find some useful tools were belong to which packages brew search --desc [tool]. (--desc: search in description)
3. How to modify resolution of external monitor when it clamis "out of range"
4. In System Preferences=>Display
5. switch to Arrangement tab
6. click "option" key, you will see the right corner wording change from "Gather Windows" to "Detect Displays"

7. Now you will be able to change the resolution

   Mac error code list

8. error -67062 security exception

9. error -32768 svTempDisable: Temporarily disable card but run primary init.

10. error -32640 svDisabled: Reserve range -32640 to -32768 for Apple temp disables.

11. error -32615 fontNotOutlineErr: bitmap font passed to routine that does outlines only

12. error -23048 outOfMemory: Not enough memory is available to issue the needed DNR query or to build the DNR cache.

13. error -23047 dnrErr: The domain name server has returned an error.

14. error -23046 noAnsErr: None of the known name servers are responding.

15. error -23045 authNameErr: The domain name does not exist.

16. error -23044 noNameServer: No name server can be found for the specified name string.

17. error -23043 noResultProc: No result procedure is passed to the address translation call when the resolver must be used to find the address.

18. error -23042 cacheFault: The name specified cannot be found in the cache. The domain name resolver will now query the domain name server and return the answer in the callback procedure.

19. error -23041 nameSyntaxErr: The <> field had a syntax error. The address was given in dot notation (that is, W.X.Y.Z) and did not conform to the syntax for an IP address.

20. error -23037 ipRouteErr: No gateway available to manage routing of packets to off-network destinations.

21. error -23036 ipNoFragMemErr: Insufficient internal driver buffers available to fragment this packet on send.

22. error -23035 icmpEchoTimeoutErr: The icmp echo packet was not responded to in the indicated timeout period.

23. error -23033 ipDestDeadErr: The destination host is not responding to address resolution requests.

24. error -23032 ipDontFragErr: The pack is too large to send without fragmenting and the Don't Fragment flag is set.

25. error -23017 duplicateSocket: A stream is already open using the local UDP port or a TCP connection already exists between the local IP address and TCP port, and the specified remote IP address and TCP port.

26. error -23016 commandTimeout: The specified command action was not completed in the specified time period.

27. error -23015 openFailed: The connection came halfway up and then failed.

28. error -23014 invalidWDS: The WDS pointer was 0 (nil).

29. error -23014 invalidRDS: The RDS refers to receive buffers not owned by the user.

30. error -23013 invalidBufPtr: The receive buffer area pointer is 0 (nil).

31. error -23012 connectionTerminated: The TCP connection was broken; the reason will be given a terminate ASR.

32. error -23011 streamAlreadyOpen: An open stream is already using the receive buffer area.

33. error -23010 invalidStreamPtr: The specified TCP or UDP stream is not open.

34. error -23009 insufficientResources: 64 TCP or UDP streams are already open.

35. error -23008 connectionDoesntExist: The TCP stream has no open connection.

36. error -23007 connectionExists: The TCP or UDP stream already has an open connection.

37. error -23006 invalidLength: The total amount of data described by the WDS was either 0 or greater than 65,535 bytes.

38. error -23005 connectionClosing: A TCPClose command was already issued so there is no more data to send on this connection.

39. error -23004 ipBadAddr: Error in getting an address from a server or the address is already in use by another machine.

40. error -23003 ipLoadErr: Not enough room in the application heap (Macintosh 512K enhanced only)

41. error -23002 ipNoCnfgErr: A configuration resource is missing.

42. error -23001 ipBadCnfgErr: The manually set address is configured improperly.

43. error -23000 ipBadLapErr: Unable to initialize the local network handler.

44. error -20002 invalidIndexErr: The recordIndex parameter is not valid.

45. error -20001 recordDataTooBigErr: The record data is bigger than buffer size (1024 bytes).

46. error -20000 unknownInsertModeErr: There is no such an insert mode.

47. error -13005 pmRecvEndErr: during receive pmgr did not finish hs configured for this connection

48. error -13004 pmRecvStartErr: during receive pmgr did not start hs

49. error -13003 pmSendEndErr: during send pmgr did not finish hs

50. error -13002 pmSendStartErr: during send pmgr did not start hs

51. error -13001 pmReplyTOErr: Timed out waiting for reply

52. error -13000 pmBusyErr: Power Mgr never ready to start handshake

53. error -11005 pictureDataErr: the picture data was invalid

54. error -11004 colorsRequestedErr: the number of colors requested was illegal

55. error -11003 cantLoadPickMethodErr: unable to load the custom pick proc

56. error -11002 pictInfoVerbErr: the passed verb was invalid

57. error -11001 pictInfoIDErr: the internal consistancy check for the PictInfoID is wrong

58. error -11000 pictInfoVersionErr: wrong version of the PictInfo structure

59. error -10115 telBadSampleRate: incompatible sample rate

60. error -10114 telBadSWErr: Software not installed properly

61. error -10113 telDetAlreadyOn: detection is already turned on

62. error -10112 telAutoAnsNotOn: autoAnswer in not turned on

63. error -10111 telValidateFailed: telValidate failed

64. error -10110 telBadProcID: invalid procID

65. error -10109 telDeviceNotFound: device not found

66. error -10108 telBadCodeResource: code resource not found

67. error -10107 telInitFailed: initialization failed

68. error -10106 telNoCommFolder: CommunicationsExtensions Ä not found

69. error -10103 telUnknownErr: unable to set config

70. error -10102 telNoSuchTool: unable to find tool with name specified

71. error -10101 telNoTools: unable to find any telephone tools

72. error -10091 telBadFunction: bad msgCode specified

73. error -10090 telPBErr: parameter block error bad format

74. error -10082 telCANotDeflectable: CA not "deflectable"

75. error -10081 telCANotRejectable: CA not "rejectable"

76. error -10080 telCANotAcceptable: CA not "acceptable"

77. error -10072 telTermNotOpen: terminal not opened via TELOpenTerm

78. error -10071 telStillNeeded: terminal driver still needed by someone else

79. error -10070 telAlreadyOpen: terminal already open

80. error -10064 telNoCallbackRef: no call back reference was specified but is required

81. error -10063 telDisplayModeNotSupp: display mode not supported by tool

82. error -10062 telBadDisplayMode: bad display mode specified

83. error -10061 telFwdTypeNotSupp: forward type not supported by tool

84. error -10060 telDNTypeNotSupp: DN type not supported by tool

85. error -10059 telBadRate: bad rate specified

86. error -10058 telBadBearerType: bad bearerType specified

87. error -10057 telBadSelect: unable to select or deselect DN

88. error -10056 telBadParkID: bad park id specified

89. error -10055 telBadPickupGroupID: bad pickup group ID specified

90. error -10054 telBadFwdType: bad fwdType specified

91. error -10053 telBadFeatureID: bad feature ID specified

92. error -10052 telBadIntercomID: bad intercom ID specified

93. error -10051 telBadPageID: bad page ID specified

94. error -10050 telBadDNType: DN type invalid

95. error -10047 telConfLimitExceeded: attempt to exceed switch conference limits

96. error -10046 telCBErr: call back feature not set previously

97. error -10045 telTransferRej: transfer request rejected

98. error -10044 telTransferErr: transfer not prepared

99. error -10043 telConfRej: conference request was rejected

100. error -10042 telConfErr: conference was not prepared

101. error -10041 telConfNoLimit: no limit was specified but required

102. error -10040 telConfLimitErr: limit specified is too high for this configuration

103. error -10033 telFeatNotSupp: feature program call not supported by this tool

104. error -10032 telFeatActive: feature already active

105. error -10031 telFeatNotAvail: feature subscribed but not available

106. error -10030 telFeatNotSub: feature not subscribed

107. error -10024 telDNDTypeNotSupp: DND type is not supported by this tool

108. error -10023 telBadDNDType: bad DND type specified

109. error -10022 telIntExtNotSupp: internal external type not supported by this tool

110. error -10021 telBadIntExt: bad internal external error

111. error -10020 telStateNotSupp: device state not supported by tool

112. error -10019 telBadStateErr: bad device state specified

113. error -10018 telIndexNotSupp: index not supported by this tool

114. error -10017 telBadIndex: bad index specified

115. error -10016 errAELocalOnly or telAPattNotSupp: alerting pattern not supported by tool

116. error -10015 errAECantUndo or telBadAPattErr: bad alerting pattern specified

117. error -10014 errAENotASingleObject or telVTypeNotSupp: volume type not supported by this tool

118. error -10013 errAENoUserSelection or telBadVTypeErr: bad volume type error

119. error -10012 errAENoSuchTransaction or telBadLevelErr: bad volume level setting

120. error -10011 errAEInTransaction or telHTypeNotSupp: hook type not supported by this tool

121. error -10010 errAECantHandleClass or telBadHTypeErr: bad hook type specified

122. error -10009 errAECantSupplyType

123. error -10008 errAENotAnElement or telNoOpenErr: unable to open terminal

124. error -10007 errAEIndexTooLarge or telNoMemErr: no memory to allocate handle

125. error -10006 errAEWriteDenied or telCAUnavail: a CA is not available

126. error -10005 errAEReadDenied or telBadProcErr: bad msgProc specified

127. error -10004 errAEPrivilegeError or telBadHandErr: bad handle specified

128. error -10003 errAENotModifiable or telBadCAErr: TELCAHandle not found or invalid

129. error -10002 errAEBadKeyForm or telBadDNErr: TELDNHandle not found or invalid

130. error -10001 errAETypeError or telBadTermErr: invalid TELHandle or handle not found

131. error -10000 errAEEventFailed

132. error -9999 cannotMoveAttachedController

133. error -9998 controllerHasFixedHeight

134. error -9997 cannotSetWidthOfAttachedController

135. error -9996 controllerBoundsNotExact

136. error -9995 editingNotAllowed

137. error -9994 badControllerHeight

138. error -9408 deviceCantMeetRequest

139. error -9407 seqGrabInfoNotAvailable

140. error -9406 badSGChannel

141. error -9405 couldntGetRequiredComponent

142. error -9404 notEnoughDiskSpaceToGrab

143. error -9403 notEnoughMemoryToGrab

144. error -9402 cantDoThatInCurrentMode

145. error -9401 grabTimeComplete

146. error -9400 noDeviceForChannel

147. error -8976 codecNothingToBlitErr

148. error -8975 codecCantQueueErr

149. error -8974 codecCantWhenErr

150. error -8973 codecOpenErr

151. error -8972 codecConditionErr

152. error -8971 codecExtensionNotFoundErr

153. error -8970 codecDataVersErr

154. error -8969 codecBadDataErr

155. error -8968 codecWouldOffscreenErr

156. error -8967 codecAbortErr

157. error -8966 codecSpoolErr

158. error -8965 codecImageBufErr

159. error -8964 codecScreenBufErr

160. error -8963 codecSizeErr

161. error -8962 codecUnimpErr

162. error -8961 noCodecErr

163. error -8960 codecErr

164. error -6231 kDMMainDisplayCannotMoveErr: Trying to move main display (or a display mirrored to it) or kDMNoDeviceTableclothErr: obsolete

165. error -6230 kDMDisplayAlreadyInstalledErr: Attempt to add an already installed display.

166. error -6229 kDMDisplayNotFoundErr: Could not find item (will someday remove). or kDMNotFoundErr: Could not find item.

167. error -6228 kDMDriverNotDisplayMgrAwareErr: Video Driver does not support display manager.

168. error -6227 kDMSWNotInitializedErr: Required software not initialized (eg windowmanager or display mgr).

169. error -6226 kSysSWTooOld: Missing critical pieces of System Software.

170. error -6225 kDMMirroringNotOn: Returned by all calls that need mirroring to be on to do their thing.

171. error -6224 kDMCantBlock: Mirroring is already on canÕt Block now (call DMUnMirror() first).

172. error -6223 kDMMirroringBlocked: DMBlockMirroring() has been called.

173. error -6222 kDMWrongNumberOfDisplays: Can only handle 2 displays for now.

174. error -6221 kDMMirroringOnAlready: Returned by all calls that need mirroring to be off to do their thing.

175. error -6220 kDMGenErr: Unexpected Error

176. error -5553 gestaltLocationErr: gestalt function ptr wasn't in sysheap

177. error -5552 gestaltDupSelectorErr: tried to add an entry that already existed

178. error -5551 gestaltUndefSelectorErr: undefined selector was passed to Gestalt

179. error -5550 gestaltUnknownErr: value returned if Gestalt doesn't know the answer

180. error -5502 envVersTooBig: Version bigger than call can handle

181. error -5501 envBadVers: Version non-positive

182. error -5500 envNotPresent: returned by glue.

183. error -5044 afpInsideTrashErr: the folder being shared is inside the trash folder OR the shared folder is being moved into the trash folder OR the folder is being moved to the trash and it contains a shared folder

184. error -5043 afpInsideSharedErr: the folder being shared is inside a shared folder OR the folder contains a shared folder and is being moved into a shared folder OR the folder contains a shared folder and is being moved into the descendent of a shared folder.

185. error -5042 afpPwdExpiredErr: the password being used is too old: this requires the user to change the password before log-in can continue

186. error -5041 afpPwdTooShortErr: the password being set is too short: there is a minimum length that must be met or exceeded

187. error -5040 afpPwdSameErr: someone tried to change their password to the same password on a mantadory password change

188. error -5039 afpBadIDErr

189. error -5038 afpSameObjectErr

190. error -5037 afpCatalogChanged

191. error -5036 afpDiffVolErr

192. error -5035 afpIDExists

193. error -5034 afpIDNotFound

194. error -5033 afpContainsSharedErr: the folder being shared contains a shared folder

195. error -5032 afpObjectLocked: Object is MRDW inhibited

196. error -5031 afpVolLocked: Volume is Read-Only

197. error -5030 afpIconTypeError

198. error -5029 afpDirNotFound

199. error -5028 afpCantRename

200. error -5027 afpServerGoingDown

201. error -5026 afpTooManyFilesOpen

202. error -5025 afpObjectTypeErr

203. error -5024 afpCallNotSupported

204. error -5023 afpUserNotAuth

205. error -5022 afpSessClosed

206. error -5021 afpRangeOverlap

207. error -5020 afpRangeNotLocked

208. error -5019 afpParmErr

209. error -5018 afpObjectNotFound

210. error -5017 afpObjectExists

211. error -5016 afpNoServer

212. error -5015 afpNoMoreLocks

213. error -5014 afpMiscErr

214. error -5013 afpLockErr

215. error -5012 afpItemNotFound

216. error -5011 afpFlatVol

217. error -5010 afpFileBusy

218. error -5009 afpEofError

219. error -5008 afpDiskFull

220. error -5007 afpDirNotEmpty

221. error -5006 afpDenyConflict

222. error -5005 afpCantMove

223. error -5004 afpBitmapErr

224. error -5003 afpBadVersNum

225. error -5002 afpBadUAM

226. error -5001 afpAuthContinue

227. error -5000 afpAccessDenied

228. error -4009 noHelpForItem

229. error -4008 badProfileError

230. error -4007 colorSyncNotInstalled

231. error -4006 pickerCantLive

232. error -4005 cantLoadPackage

233. error -4004 cantCreatePickerWindow

234. error -4003 cantLoadPicker

235. error -4002 pickerResourceError

236. error -4001 requiredFlagsDontMatch

237. error -4000 invalidPickerType

238. error -3180 kOTCanceledErr: An outstanding call was canceled.

239. error -3179 kOTBadSyncErr: A call to Sync was made at non-SystemTask time.

240. error -3178 kOTProtocolErr: An unspecified protocol error occurred.

241. error -3177 kOTQFullErr: The maximum number of outstanding indications has been reached for the endpoint.

242. error -3176 kOTResAddressErr: The address to which this endpoint is bound differs from that of the endpoint that received the connection request; thus, this endpoint cannot accept this connection request.

243. error -3175 kOTResQLenErr: When this endpoint was bound (see Bind), the qlen parameter was greater than zero. But to accept a connection on an alternate end-point, such as this one, the endpoint must be bound with a qlen parameter equal to zero.

244. error -3174 kOTProviderMismatchErr: The endpoint that is to accept the connection is not the same kind of endpoint as this one.

245. error -3173 kOTIndOutErr: There are outstanding connection indications on the endpoint. All other connection indications must be handled either by rejecting them with SndDisconnect, or by accepting them with Accept.

246. error -3172 kOTAddressBusyErr: The requested address is in use, or this endpoint does not support multiple connections with the same local and remote addresses. This result code indicates that a connection already exists. As a return value for a Bind call, it may also indicate that no dynamic addresses are available for protocols or configuration methods that allow dynamic addressing.

247. error -3171 kOTBadQLenErr: The argument qlen when the endpoint was bound with Bind was zero.

248. error -3170 kOTBadNameErr: The endpoint name is invalid.

249. error -3169 kOTStructureTypeErr: An unsupported structure type was passed in the structType field. This error is also returned when the structType field is inconsistent with the endpoint type.

250. error -3168 kOTStateChangeErr: The endpoint is undergoing a transient state change. This error is returned when a function call is made while an endpoint is in the process of changing states.

251. error -3167 kOTNotSupportedErr: This action is not supported by this endpoint.

252. error -3166 kOTNoReleaseErr: No orderly release indication currently exists on this endpoint.

253. error -3165 kOTBadFlagErr: An invalid flag was specified.

254. error -3164 kOTNoUDErrErr: No unit data error indication currently exists on this endpoint.

255. error -3163 kOTNoDisconnectErr: No disconnect indication is available.

256. error -3162 kOTNoDataErr: This endpoint is in non-blocking mode, but no data is currently available. It is also returned by LookupName when no names are found.

257. error -3161 kOTFlowErr: The endpoint is in asynchronous mode, but the flow control mechanism prevents the endpoint from accepting any data at this time.

258. error -3160 kOTBufferOverflowErr: The number of bytes allocated to hold a result is greater than zero, but not sufficient to store the result.

259. error -3159 kOTBadDataErr: The amount of client data specified was not within the bounds allowed by the endpoint.

260. error -3158 kOTLookErr: An asynchronous event has occurred on this endpoint.

261. error -3156 kOTBadSequenceErr: An invalid sequence number was specified, or a NULL call pointer was specified when rejecting a connection request.

262. error -3155 kOTOutStateErr: The function was issued in the wrong sequence.

263. error -3154 kOTNoAddressErr: The endpoint could not allocate an address, or an address was required and not supplied by the client.

264. error -3153 kOTBadReferenceErr: The specified EndpointRef or TEndpoint* does not refer to a valid endpoint.

265. error -3152 kOTAccessErr: The user does not have permission to negotiate the specified address or options.

266. error -3151 kOTBadOptionErr: The specified protocol options were in an incorrect format or contained illegal information.

267. error -3150 kOTBadAddressErr: The specified protocol address was in an incorrect format or contained illegal information.

268. error -3109 sktClosedErr

269. error -3108 recNotFnd

270. error -3107 atpBadRsp

271. error -3106 atpLenErr

272. error -3105 readQErr

273. error -3104 extractErr

274. error -3103 ckSumErr

275. error -3102 noMPPErr

276. error -3101 buf2SmallErr

277. error -3032 noPrefAppErr

278. error -3031 badTranslationSpecErr

279. error -3030 noTranslationPathErr

280. error -3026 couldNotParseSourceFileErr: Source document does not contain source type

281. error -3025 invalidTranslationPathErr: Source type to destination type not a valid path

282. error -3003 componentDontRegister

283. error -3002 componentNotCaptured

284. error -3001 validInstancesExist

285. error -3000 invalidComponentID

286. error -2899 fragLastErrCode: ie: an application's main fragment had no entry point - or - an accerated resource had no entry point or it had a termination routine etc...

287. error -2824 fragInvalidFragmentUsage: fragment targeted for an unacceptable architecture

288. error -2823 fragArchError: no application found in cfrg (for Process Manager)

289. error -2822 fragAppNotFound: user intialization routine did not return noErr

290. error -2821 fragUserInitProcErr: fragment container corrupted (known format)

291. error -2820 fragCorruptErr: internal inconstistancy

292. error -2819 fragConstErr: error in initailization of this manager

293. error -2818 fragMgrInitErr: error connecting to library (error occured in sub prepare)

294. error -2817 fragLibConnErr: boot library has initialization routine

295. error -2816 fragInitRtnUsageErr: circularity detected in mandatory initialization order

296. error -2815 fragInitLoop: import library was too new and therefore incompatible

297. error -2814 fragImportTooNew: import library was too old and therefore incompatible

298. error -2813 fragImportTooOld: order error during user initialization function invocation

299. error -2812 fragObjectInitSeqErr: no more context idÕs

300. error -2811 fragNoContextIDs: out of memory in user's address space for loadable section

301. error -2810 fragNoAddrSpace: out of memory for interal bookkeeping

302. error -2809 fragNoMem: unused

303. error -2808 fragUnused1: loaded fragment had "hard" unresolved imports

304. error -2807 fragHadUnresolveds: fragment container format unknown

305. error -2806 fragFormatUnknown: registered name already in use

306. error -2805 fragDupRegLibName: library name not found in Frag registry

307. error -2804 fragLibNotFound: section was not found

308. error -2803 fragSectionNotFound: symbol was not found in connection

309. error -2802 fragSymbolNotFound: connecionID was not valid

310. error -2801 fragConnectionIDNotFound: contextID was not valid

311. error -2800 fragContextNotFound: CFM error codes

312. error -2780 errASInconsistentNames

313. error -2763 errASNoResultReturned

314. error -2762 errASParameterNotForEvent

315. error -2761 errASIllegalFormalParameter

316. error -2760 errASTerminologyNestingTooDeep

317. error -2721 errASCantCompareMoreThan32k

318. error -2720 errASCantConsiderAndIgnore

319. error -2526 mmInternalError: drag was not accepted by receiver

320. error -2519 tsmUnknownErr: unSupported interface type error

321. error -2518 tsmUnsupportedTypeErr: script has no imput method or is using old IM

322. error -2517 tsmScriptHasNoIMErr: returned by GetDefaultInputMethod

323. error -2516 tsmInputMethodIsOldErr: text service already opened for the document

324. error -2515 tsmComponentAlreadyOpenErr: text service is not open

325. error -2514 tsmTSNotOpenErr: the text service has no menu

326. error -2513 tsmTSHasNoMenuErr: not TSM aware because we are using input window

327. error -2512 tsmUseInputWindowErr: there are open documents

328. error -2511 tsmDocumentOpenErr: no text service found

329. error -2510 tsmTextServiceNotFoundErr: canÕt open the component

330. error -2509 tsmCantOpenComponentErr: no open text service

331. error -2508 tsmNoOpenTSErr: document is NOT active

332. error -2507 tsmDocNotActiveErr: document is still active

333. error -2506 tsmTSMDocBusyErr: invalid TSM documentation id

334. error -2505 tsmInvalidDocIDErr: app never registered error (not TSM aware)

335. error -2504 tsmNeverRegisteredErr: want to register again error

336. error -2503 tsmAlreadyRegisteredErr: not an application error

337. error -2502 tsmNotAnAppErr: component result no error

338. error -2501 tsmInputMethodNotFoundErr

339. error -2500 tsmUnsupScriptLanguageErr

340. error -2209 badCallOrderErr: Usually due to a status call being called prior to being setup first

341. error -2208 noDMAErr: CanÕt do DMA digitizing (i.e. can't go to requested dest

342. error -2207 badDepthErr: CanÕt digitize into this depth

343. error -2206 notExactSizeErr: CanÕt do exact size requested

344. error -2205 noMoreKeyColorsErr: all key indexes in use

345. error -2204 notExactMatrixErr: warning of bad matrix digitizer did its best

346. error -2203 matrixErr: bad matrix digitizer did nothing

347. error -2202 qtParamErr: bad input parameter (out of range etc)

348. error -2201 digiUnimpErr: feature unimplemented

349. error -2062 movieTextNotFoundErr

350. error -2059 samplesAlreadyInMediaErr

351. error -2058 auxiliaryExportDataUnavailable

352. error -2057 unsupportedAuxiliaryImportData

353. error -2056 soundSupportNotAvailableErr: QT for Windows error

354. error -2055 noSoundTrackInMovieErr: QT for Windows error

355. error -2054 noVideoTrackInMovieErr: QT for Windows error

356. error -2053 featureUnsupported

357. error -2052 couldNotUseAnExistingSample

358. error -2051 noDefaultDataRef

359. error -2050 badDataRefIndex

360. error -2049 invalidDataRefContainer

361. error -2048 noMovieFound

362. error -2047 dataNoDataRef

363. error -2046 endOfDataReached

364. error -2045 dataAlreadyClosed

365. error -2044 dataAlreadyOpenForWrite

366. error -2043 dataNotOpenForWrite

367. error -2042 dataNotOpenForRead

368. error -2041 invalidSampleDescription

369. error -2040 invalidChunkCache

370. error -2039 invalidSampleDescIndex

371. error -2038 invalidChunkNum

372. error -2037 invalidSampleNum

373. error -2036 invalidRect

374. error -2035 cantEnableTrack

375. error -2034 internalQuickTimeError

376. error -2033 badEditIndex

377. error -2032 timeNotInMedia

378. error -2031 timeNotInTrack

379. error -2030 trackNotInMovie

380. error -2029 trackIDNotFound

381. error -2028 badTrackIndex

382. error -2027 maxSizeToGrowTooSmall

383. error -2026 userDataItemNotFound

384. error -2025 staleEditState

385. error -2024 nonMatchingEditState

386. error -2023 invalidEditState

387. error -2022 cantCreateSingleForkFile: happens when file already exists

388. error -2021 wfFileNotFound

389. error -2020 movieToolboxUninitialized

390. error -2019 progressProcAborted

391. error -2018 mediaTypesDontMatch

392. error -2017 badEditList

393. error -2016 cantPutPublicMovieAtom

394. error -2015 invalidTime

395. error -2014 invalidDuration

396. error -2013 invalidHandler

397. error -2012 invalidDataRef

398. error -2011 invalidSampleTable

399. error -2010 invalidMovie

400. error -2009 invalidTrack

401. error -2008 invalidMedia

402. error -2007 noDataHandler

403. error -2006 noMediaHandler

404. error -2005 badComponentType

405. error -2004 cantOpenHandler

406. error -2003 cantFindHandler

407. error -2002 badPublicMovieAtom

408. error -2001 badImageDescription

409. error -2000 couldNotResolveDataRef

410. error -1857 dragNotAcceptedErr: handler not found

411. error -1856 handlerNotFoundErr: handler already exists

412. error -1855 duplicateHandlerErr: error while trying to get flavor data

413. error -1854 cantGetFlavorErr: flavor type already exists

414. error -1853 duplicateFlavorErr: unknown flavor type

415. error -1852 badDragFlavorErr: unknown drag item reference

416. error -1851 badDragItemErr: unknown drag reference

417. error -1850 badDragRefErr: Drag Manager error codes

418. error -1813 errEndOfBody

419. error -1812 errEndOfDocument

420. error -1811 errTopOfBody

421. error -1810 errTopOfDocument

422. error -1801 errOffsetIsOutsideOfView

423. error -1800 errOffsetInvalid

424. error -1762 errOSACantOpenComponent: Can't connect to scripting system with that ID

425. error -1761 errOSAComponentMismatch: Parameters are from 2 different components

426. error -1759 errOSADataFormatTooNew

427. error -1758 errOSADataFormatObsolete

428. error -1757 errOSANoSuchDialect

429. error -1756 errOSASourceNotAvailable

430. error -1754 errOSABadSelector

431. error -1753 errOSAScriptError

432. error -1752 errOSABadStorageType

433. error -1751 errOSAInvalidID

434. error -1750 errOSASystemError

435. error -1732 errAERecordingIsAlreadyOn: available only in version 1.0.1 or greater

436. error -1731 errAEUnknownObjectType: available only in version 1.0.1 or greater

437. error -1730 errAEEmptyListContainer: Attempt to pass empty list as container to accessor

438. error -1729 errAENegativeCount: CountProc returned negative value

439. error -1728 errAENoSuchObject: e.g.: specifier asked for the 3rd but there are only 2. Basically this indicates a run-time resolution error.

440. error -1727 errAENotAnObjSpec: Param to AEResolve not of type 'obj '

441. error -1726 errAEBadTestKey: Test is neither typeLogicalDescriptor nor typeCompDescriptor

442. error -1725 errAENoSuchLogical: Something other than AND OR or NOT

443. error -1723 errAEAccessorNotFound: Accessor proc matching wantClass and containerType or wildcards not found

444. error -1721 errAEWrongNumberArgs: Logical op kAENOT used with other than 1 term

445. error -1720 errAEImpossibleRange: A range like 3rd to 2nd or 1st to all.

446. error -1719 errAEIllegalIndex: index is out of range in a put operation

447. error -1718 errAEReplyNotArrived: the contents of the reply you are accessing have not arrived yet

448. error -1717 errAEHandlerNotFound: no handler in the dispatch tables fits the parameters to AEGetEventHandler or AEGetCoercionHandler

449. error -1716 errAEUnknownAddressType: the target address type is not known

450. error -1715 errAEParamMissed: a required parameter was not accessed

451. error -1714 errAENotASpecialFunction: there is no special function forwith this keyword

452. error -1713 errAENoUserInteraction: no user interaction is allowed

453. error -1712 errAETimeout: the AppleEvent timed out

454. error -1711 errAEWaitCanceled: in AESend the user cancelled out of wait loop for reply or receipt

455. error -1710 errAEUnknownSendMode: mode wasn't NoReply WaitReply or QueueReply or Interaction level is unknown

456. error -1709 errAEReplyNotValid: AEResetTimer was passed an invalid reply parameter

457. error -1708 errAEEventNotHandled: the AppleEvent was not handled by any handler

458. error -1707 errAENotAppleEvent: the event is not in AppleEvent format

459. error -1706 errAENewerVersion: need newer version of the AppleEvent manager

460. error -1705 errAEBadListItem: the specified list item does not exist

461. error -1704 errAENotAEDesc

462. error -1703 errAEWrongDataType

463. error -1702 errAECorruptData

464. error -1701 errAEDescNotFound

465. error -1700 errAECoercionFail: bad parameter data or unable to coerce the data supplied

466. error -1310 fsDataTooBigErr: file or volume is too big for system

467. error -1309 fileBoundsErr: file's EOF offset mark or size is too big

468. error -1308 notARemountErr: when _Mount allows only remounts and doesn't get one

469. error -1307 badFidErr: file id is dangling or doesn't match with the file number

470. error -1306 sameFileErr: can't exchange a file with itself

471. error -1305 desktopDamagedErr: desktop database files are corrupted

472. error -1304 catChangedErr: the catalog has been modified

473. error -1303 diffVolErr: files on different volumes

474. error -1302 notAFileErr: directory specified

475. error -1301 fidExists: file id already exists

476. error -1300 fidNotFound: no file thread exists.

477. error -1280 errRefNum: bad connection refNum

478. error -1279 errAborted: control call was aborted

479. error -1278 errState: bad connection state for this operation

480. error -1277 errOpening: open connection request failed

481. error -1276 errAttention: attention message too long

482. error -1275 errFwdReset: read terminated by forward reset

483. error -1274 errDSPQueueSize: DSP ReadWrite Queue Too small

484. error -1273 errOpenDenied: open connection request was denied

485. error -1105 reqAborted

486. error -1104 noDataArea

487. error -1103 noSendResp

488. error -1102 cbNotFound

489. error -1101 noRelErr

490. error -1100 badBuffNum

491. error -1099 badATPSkt

492. error -1098 tooManySkts

493. error -1097 tooManyReqs

494. error -1096 reqFailed

495. error -1075 aspNoAck: No ack on attention request (server err)

496. error -1074 aspTooMany: Too many clients (server error)

497. error -1073 aspSizeErr: Command block too big

498. error -1072 aspSessClosed: Session closed

499. error -1071 aspServerBusy: Server cannot open another session

500. error -1070 aspParamErr: Parameter error

501. error -1069 aspNoServers: No servers at that address

502. error -1068 aspNoMoreSess: No more sessions on server

503. error -1067 aspBufTooSmall: Buffer too small

504. error -1066 aspBadVersNum: Server cannot support this ASP version

505. error -1029 nbpNISErr: Error trying to open the NIS

506. error -1028 nbpNotFound: Name not found on remove

507. error -1027 nbpDuplicate: Duplicate name exists already

508. error -1026 nbpConfDiff: Name confirmed at different socket

509. error -1025 nbpNoConfirm

510. error -1024 nbpBuffOvr: Buffer overflow in LookupName

511. error -1000 noMaskFoundErr: Icon Utilties Error

512. error -932 guestNotAllowedErr: destination port requires authentication

513. error -931 badLocNameErr: location name malformed

514. error -930 badServiceMethodErr: illegal service type or not supported

515. error -928 noUserRecErr: Invalid user reference number

516. error -927 authFailErr: unable to authenticate user at destination

517. error -926 noInformErr: PPCStart failed because destination did not have inform pending

518. error -925 networkErr: An error has occured in the network not too likely

519. error -924 noUserRefErr: unable to create a new userRefNum

520. error -923 notLoggedInErr: The default userRefNum does not yet exist

521. error -922 noDefaultUserErr: user hasn't typed in owners name in Network Setup Control Pannel

522. error -919 badPortNameErr: PPCPortRec malformed

523. error -917 sessClosedErr: session was closed

524. error -916 portClosedErr: port was closed

525. error -915 noResponseErr: unable to contact destination

526. error -914 noToolboxNameErr: A system resource is missing not too likely

527. error -913 noMachineNameErr: user hasn't named his Macintosh in the Network Setup Control Panel

528. error -912 userRejectErr: Destination rejected the session request

529. error -911 noUserNameErr: user name unknown on destination machine

530. error -910 portNameExistsErr: port is already open (perhaps in another app)

531. error -909 badReqErr: bad parameter or invalid state for operation

532. error -908 noSessionErr: Invalid session reference number

533. error -907 sessTableErr: Out of session tables try again later

534. error -906 destPortErr: Port does not exist at destination

535. error -905 localOnlyErr: Network activity is currently disabled

536. error -904 noGlobalsErr: The system is hosed better re-boot

537. error -903 noPortErr: Unable to open port or bad portRefNum

538. error -902 nameTypeErr: Invalid or inappropriate locationKindSelector in locationName

539. error -900 notInitErr: PPCToolBox not initialized

540. error -863 hmCloseViewActive: Returned from HMRemoveBalloon if CloseView was active

541. error -862 hmNoBalloonUp: Returned from HMRemoveBalloon if no balloon was visible when call was made

542. error -861 hmOperationUnsupported: Returned from HMShowBalloon call if bad method passed to routine

543. error -859 hmUnknownHelpType: Returned if help msg record contained a bad type

544. error -858 hmWrongVersion: Returned if help mgr resource was the wrong version

545. error -857 hmSkippedBalloon: Returned from calls if helpmsg specified a skip balloon

546. error -855 hmHelpManagerNotInited: Returned from HMGetHelpMenuHandle if help menu not setup

547. error -854 hmSameAsLastBalloon: Returned from HMShowMenuBalloon if menu & item is same as last time

548. error -853 hmBalloonAborted: Returned if mouse was moving or mouse wasn't in window port rect

549. error -850 hmHelpDisabled: Show Balloons mode was off call to routine ignored

550. error -813 rcDBPackNotInited: incompatible versions

551. error -812 rcDBWrongVersion: no app handler for specified data type

552. error -811 rcDBNoHandler: tried to kill a bad pb

553. error -810 rcDBBadAsyncPB: ddev does not support async calls

554. error -809 rcDBAsyncNotSupp: bad ddev specified on DBInit

555. error -808 rcDBBadDDEV: bad session number for DBGetConnInfo

556. error -807 rcDBBadSessNum: Database access error codes

557. error -806 rcDBBadSessID

558. error -805 rcDBExec

559. error -804 rcDBBreak

560. error -803 rcDBBadType

561. error -802 rcDBError

562. error -801 rcDBValue

563. error -800 rcDBNull

564. error -626 noMMUErr: no MMU present

565. error -625 cannotDeferErr: unable to defer additional functions

566. error -624 interruptsMaskedErr: donÕt call with interrupts masked

567. error -623 notLockedErr: specified range of memory is not locked

568. error -622 cannotMakeContiguousErr: cannot make specified range contiguous

569. error -621 notHeldErr: specified range of memory is not held

570. error -620 notEnoughMemoryErr: insufficient physical memory

571. error -619 threadProtocolErr

572. error -618 threadNotFoundErr

573. error -617 threadTooManyReqsErr

574. error -610 noUserInteractionAllowed: no user interaction allowed

575. error -609 connectionInvalid

576. error -608 noOutstandingHLE

577. error -607 bufferIsSmall: error returns from Post and Accept

578. error -606 appIsDaemon: app is BG-only and launch flags disallow this

579. error -605 appMemFullErr: application SIZE not big enough for launch

580. error -604 hardwareConfigErr: hardware configuration not correct for call

581. error -603 protocolErr: app made module calls in improper order

582. error -602 appModeErr: memory mode is 32-bit but app not 32-bit clean

583. error -601 memFragErr: not enough room to launch app wspecial requirements

584. error -600 procNotFound: no eligible process with specified descriptor

585. error -502 hwParamErr: bad selector for _HWPriv

586. error -501 teScrapSizeErr: scrap item too big for text edit record

587. error -500 rgnTooBigErr

588. error -492 exUserBreak: user debugger break; execute debugger commands on stack

589. error -491 strUserBreak: user debugger break; display string on stack

590. error -490 userBreak: user debugger break

591. error -463 notThePublisherWrn: not the first registered publisher for that container

592. error -462 containerAlreadyOpenWrn: container already opened by this section

593. error -461 containerNotFoundWrn: could not find editionContainer at this time

594. error -460 multiplePublisherWrn: A Publisher is already registered for that container

595. error -454 badSubPartErr: can not use sub parts in this release

596. error -453 badEditionFileErr: edition file is corrupt

597. error -452 notRegisteredSectionErr: not a registered SectionRecord

598. error -451 badSectionErr: not a valid SectionRecord

599. error -450 editionMgrInitErr: edition manager not inited by this app

600. error -417 btKeyAttrErr: There is no such a key attribute.

601. error -416 btKeyLenErr: Maximum key length is too long or equal to zero.

602. error -415 btRecNotFnd: Record cannot be found.

603. error -414 btDupRecErr: Record already exists.

604. error -413 btNoSpace: Can't allocate disk space.

605. error -410 notBTree: The file is not a dictionary.

606. error -400 gcrOnMFMErr: gcr format on high density media error

607. error -360 slotNumErr: invalid slot # error

608. error -351 smRecNotFnd: Record not found in the SRT.

609. error -350 smSRTOvrFlErr: SRT over flow.

610. error -349 smNoGoodOpens: No opens were successfull in the loop.

611. error -348 smOffsetErr: Offset was too big (temporary error

612. error -347 smByteLanesErr: NumByteLanes was determined to be zero.

613. error -346 smBadsPtrErr: Bad pointer was passed to sCalcsPointer

614. error -345 smsGetDrvrErr: Error occurred during _sGetDriver.

615. error -344 smNoMoresRsrcs: No more sResources

616. error -343 smDisDrvrNamErr: Error occured during _sDisDrvrName.

617. error -342 smGetDrvrNamErr: Error occured during _sGetDrvrName.

618. error -341 smCkStatusErr: Status of slot fail.

619. error -340 smBlkMoveErr: _BlockMove error

620. error -339 smNewPErr: _NewPtr error

621. error -338 smSelOOBErr: Selector out of bounds error

622. error -337 smSlotOOBErr: Slot out of bounds error

623. error -336 smNilsBlockErr: Nil sBlock error (Dont allocate and try to use a nil sBlock)

624. error -335 smsPointerNil: LPointer is nil From sOffsetData. If this error occurs; check sInfo rec for more information.

625. error -334 smCPUErr: Code revision is wrong

626. error -333 smCodeRevErr: Code revision is wrong

627. error -332 smReservedErr: Reserved field not zero

628. error -331 smBadsList: Bad sList: Id1 < Id2 < Id3 ...format is not followed.

629. error -330 smBadRefId: Reference Id not found in List

630. error -320 smBusErrTO: BusError time out.

631. error -319 smBadBoardId: BoardId was wrong; re-init the PRAM record.

632. error -318 smNoJmpTbl: SDM jump table could not be created. or smReservedSlot: slot is reserved VM should not use this address space.

633. error -317 smInitTblVErr: An error occured while trying to initialize the Slot Resource Table.

634. error -316 smInitStatVErr: The InitStatusV field was negative after primary or secondary init.

635. error -315 smNoBoardId: No Board Id.

636. error -314 smGetPRErr: Error occured during _sGetPRAMRec (See SIMStatus).

637. error -313 smNoBoardSRsrc: No Board sResource.

638. error -312 smDisposePErr: _DisposePointer error

639. error -311 smFHBlkDispErr: Error occured during _sDisposePtr (Dispose of FHeader block).

640. error -310 smFHBlockRdErr: Error occured during _sGetFHeader.

641. error -309 smBLFieldBad: ByteLanes field was bad.

642. error -308 smUnExBusErr: Unexpected BusError

643. error -307 smResrvErr: Fatal reserved error. Resreved field <> 0.

644. error -306 smNosInfoArray: No sInfoArray. Memory Mgr error.

645. error -305 smDisabledSlot: This slot is disabled (-305 use to be smLWTstBad)

646. error -304 smNoDir: Directory offset is Nil

647. error -303 smRevisionErr: Wrong revison level

648. error -302 smFormatErr: FHeader Format is not Apple's

649. error -301 smCRCFail: CRC check failed for declaration data

650. error -300 smEmptySlot: No card in slot

651. error -299 nmTypErr: wrong queue type

652. error -293 smPriInitErr: Error; Cards could not be initialized.

653. error -292 smPRAMInitErr: Error; Slot Resource Table could not be initialized.

654. error -291 smSRTInitErr: Error; Slot Resource Table could not be initialized.

655. error -290 smSDMInitErr: Error; SDM could not be initialized.

656. error -261 midiInvalidCmdErr: command not supported for port type

657. error -260 midiDupIDErr: duplicate client ID

658. error -259 midiNameLenErr: name supplied is longer than 31 characters

659. error -258 midiWriteErr: MIDIWritePacket couldn't write to all connected ports

660. error -257 midiNoConErr: no connection exists between specified ports

661. error -256 midiVConnectRmvd: pending virtual connection removed

662. error -255 midiVConnectMade: pending virtual connection resolved

663. error -254 midiVConnectErr: pending virtual connection created

664. error -253 midiTooManyConsErr: too many connections made

665. error -252 midiTooManyPortsErr: too many ports already installed in the system

666. error -251 midiNoPortErr: no port with that ID found

667. error -250 midiNoClientErr: no client with that ID found

668. error -247 badInputText

669. error -246 badDictFormat

670. error -245 incompatibleVoice

671. error -244 voiceNotFound

672. error -243 bufTooSmall

673. error -242 synthNotReady

674. error -241 synthOpenFailed

675. error -240 noSynthFound

676. error -232 siUnknownQuality: invalid quality selector (returned by driver)

677. error -231 siUnknownInfoType: invalid info type selector (returned by driver)

678. error -230 siInputDeviceErr: input device hardware failure

679. error -229 siBadRefNum: invalid input device reference number

680. error -228 siBadDeviceName: input device could not be opened

681. error -227 siDeviceBusyErr: input device already in use

682. error -226 siInvalidSampleSize: invalid sample size

683. error -225 siInvalidSampleRate: invalid sample rate

684. error -224 siHardDriveTooSlow: hard drive too slow to record to disk

685. error -223 siInvalidCompression: invalid compression type

686. error -222 siNoBufferSpecified: returned by synchronous SPBRecord if nil buffer passed

687. error -221 siBadSoundInDevice: invalid index passed to SoundInGetIndexedDevice

688. error -220 siNoSoundInHardware: no Sound Input hardware

689. error -212 noMoreRealTime: not enough CPU cycles left to add another task

690. error -211 channelNotBusy

691. error -210 buffersTooSmall: can not operate in the memory allowed

692. error -209 channelBusy: the Channel is being used for a PFD already

693. error -208 badFileFormat: was not type AIFF or was of bad formatcorrupt

694. error -207 notEnoughBufferSpace: could not allocate enough memory

695. error -206 badFormat: Sound Manager Error Returns

696. error -205 badChannel: Sound Manager Error Returns

697. error -204 resProblem: Sound Manager Error Returns

698. error -203 queueFull: Sound Manager Error Returns

699. error -201 notEnoughHardwareErr: Sound Manager Error Returns

700. error -200 noHardwareErr: Sound Manager Error Returns

701. error -199 mapReadErr: map inconsistent with operation

702. error -198 resAttrErr: attribute inconsistent with operation

703. error -197 rmvRefFailed: RmveReference failed

704. error -196 rmvResFailed: RmveResource failed

705. error -195 addRefFailed: AddReference failed

706. error -194 addResFailed: AddResource failed

707. error -193 resFNotFound: Resource file not found

708. error -192 resNotFound: Resource not found

709. error -190 inputOutOfBounds: Offset of Count out of bounds

710. error -189 writingPastEnd: Writing past end of file

711. error -188 resourceInMemory: Resource already in memory

712. error -186 CantDecompress: resource bent ("the bends") - can't decompress a compressed resource

713. error -185 badExtResource: extended resource has a bad format.

714. error -157 cDepthErr: invalid pixel depth

715. error -156 cResErr: invalid resolution for MakeITable

716. error -155 cDevErr: invalid type of graphics device

717. error -154 cProtectErr: colorTable entry protection violation

718. error -153 cRangeErr: range error on colorTable request

719. error -152 cNoMemErr: failed to allocate memory for structure

720. error -151 cTempMemErr: failed to allocate memory for temporary structures

721. error -150 cMatchErr: Color2Index failed to find an index

722. error -149 insufficientStackErr or nsStackErr

723. error -148 pixMapTooDeepErr

724. error -147 rgnOverflowErr or rgnTooBigError

725. error -145 noMemForPictPlaybackErr

726. error -128 userCanceledErr

727. error -127 hMenuFindErr: could not find HMenu's parent in MenuKey

728. error -126 mBarNFnd: system error code for MBDF not found

729. error -125 updPixMemErr: insufficient memory to update a pixmap

730. error -124 volGoneErr: Server volume has been disconnected.

731. error -123 wrgVolTypErr: Wrong volume type error [operation not supported for MFS]

732. error -122 badMovErr: Move into offspring error

733. error -121 tmwdoErr: No free WDCB available

734. error -120 dirNFErr: Directory not found

735. error -117 memLockedErr: trying to move a locked block (MoveHHi)

736. error -116 memSCErr: Size Check failed

737. error -115 memBCErr: Block Check failed

738. error -114 memPCErr: Pointer Check failed

739. error -113 memAZErr: Address in zone check failed

740. error -112 memPurErr: trying to purge a locked or non-purgeable block

741. error -111 memWZErr: WhichZone failed (applied to free block)

742. error -110 memAdrErr: address was odd; or out of range

743. error -109 nilHandleErr: Master Pointer was NIL in HandleZone or other

744. error -108 iMemFullErr or memFullErr: Not enough room in heap zone

745. error -102 noTypeErr: No object of that type in scrap

746. error -100 noScrapErr: No scrap exists error

747. error -99 memROZWarn: soft error in ROZ or memROZError: hard error in ROZ or memROZErr: hard error in ROZ

748. error -98 portNotCf: driver Open error code (parameter RAM not configured for this connection)

749. error -97 portInUse: driver Open error code (port is in use)

750. error -96 portNotPwr: serial port not currently powered

751. error -95 excessCollsns: excessive collisions on write

752. error -94 lapProtErr: error in attachingdetaching protocol

753. error -93 noBridgeErr: no network bridge for non-local send

754. error -92 ddpLenErr: data length too big or eLenErr: ENET error codes

755. error -91 ddpSktErr: error in soket number or eMultiErr: Length error ddpLenErr

756. error -90 breakRecd: Break received (SCC)

757. error -89 rcvrErr: SCC receiver error (framing; parity; OR)

758. error -88 prInitErr: InitUtil found the parameter ram uninitialized

759. error -87 prWrErr: parameter ram written didn't read-verify

760. error -86 clkWrErr: time written did not verify

761. error -85 clkRdErr: unable to read same clock value twice

762. error -84 firstDskErr: IO System Errors or verErr: track failed to verify

763. error -83 fmt2Err: can't get enough sync

764. error -82 fmt1Err: can't find sector 0 after track format

765. error -81 sectNFErr: sector number never found on a track

766. error -80 seekErr: track number wrong on address mark

767. error -79 spdAdjErr: unable to correctly adjust disk speed

768. error -78 twoSideErr: tried to read 2nd side on a 1-sided drive

769. error -77 initIWMErr: unable to initialize IWM

770. error -76 tk0BadErr: track 0 detect doesn't change

771. error -75 cantStepErr: step handshake failed

772. error -74 wrUnderrun: write underrun occurred

773. error -73 badDBtSlp: bad data mark bit slip nibbles

774. error -72 badDCksum: bad data mark checksum

775. error -71 noDtaMkErr: couldn't find a data mark header

776. error -70 badBtSlpErr: bad addr mark bit slip nibbles

777. error -69 badCksmErr: addr mark checksum didn't check

778. error -68 dataVerErr: read verify compare failed

779. error -67 noAdrMkErr: couldn't find valid addr mark

780. error -66 fontSubErr: font substitution occured or noNybErr: couldn't find 5 nybbles in 200 tries

781. error -65 fontNotDeclared: font not declared or offLinErr: rw requested for an off-line drive

782. error -64 fontDecError: error during font declaration or lastDskErr: IO System Errors or noDriveErr: drive not installed

783. error -61 wrPermErr: write permissions error

784. error -60 badMDBErr: bad master directory block

785. error -59 fsRnErr: file system internal error:during rename the old entry was deleted but could not be restored.

786. error -58 extFSErr: volume in question belongs to an external fs

787. error -57 noMacDskErr: not a mac diskette (sig bytes are wrong)

788. error -56 nsDrvErr: no such drive (tried to mount a bad drive num)

789. error -55 volOnLinErr: drive volume already on-line at MountVol

790. error -54 permErr: permissions error (on file open)

791. error -53 volOffLinErr: volume not on line error (was Ejected)

792. error -52 gfpErr: get file position error

793. error -51 rfNumErr: refnum error

794. error -50 paramErr: error in user parameter list

795. error -49 opWrErr: file already open with with write permission

796. error -48 dupFNErr: duplicate filename (rename)

797. error -47 fBsyErr: File is busy (delete)

798. error -46 vLckdErr: volume is locked

799. error -45 fLckdErr: file is locked

800. error -44 wPrErr: diskette is write protected.

801. error -43 fnfErr: File not found

802. error -42 tmfoErr: too many files open

803. error -41 mFulErr: memory full (open) or file won't fit (load)

804. error -40 posErr: tried to position to before start of file (rw)

805. error -39 eofErr: End of file

806. error -38 fnOpnErr: File not open

807. error -37 bdNamErr: there may be no bad names in the final system!

808. error -36 ioErr: IO error (bummers)

809. error -35 nsvErr: no such volume

810. error -34 dskFulErr: disk full

811. error -33 dirFulErr: Directory full

812. error -30 dceExtErr: dce extension error

813. error -29 unitTblFullErr: unit table has no more entries

814. error -28 notOpenErr: Couldn't rdwrctlsts cause driver not opened

815. error -27 abortErr: IO call aborted by KillIO or iIOAbortErr: IO abort error (Printing Manager) or iIOAbort

816. error -26 dInstErr: DrvrInstall couldn't find driver in resources

817. error -25 dRemovErr: tried to remove an open driver

818. error -24 closErr: IO System Errors

819. error -23 openErr: IO System Errors

820. error -22 unitEmptyErr: IO System Errors

821. error -21 badUnitErr: IO System Errors

822. error -20 writErr: IO System Errors

823. error -19 readErr: IO System Errors

824. error -18 statusErr: IO System Errors

825. error -17 controlErr: IO System Errors

826. error -13 dsExtensionsDisabled: say ÒExtensions DisabledÓ

827. error -12 dsHD20Installed: say ÒHD20 StartupÓ

828. error -11 dsDisassemblerInstalled: say ÒDisassembler InstalledÓ

829. error -10 dsMacsBugInstalled: say ÒMacsBug InstalledÓ

830. error -8 seNoDB: no debugger installed to handle debugger command

831. error -5 SlpTypeErr: invalid queue element

832. error -4 unimpErr: unimplemented core routine

833. error -3 corErr: core routine number out of range

834. error -2 vTypErr: invalid queue element

835. error -1 qErr: queue element not found during deletion or telGenericError

836. error errAECorruptData errOSACorruptData

837. error dsCDEFNotFound CDEFNFnd

838. error dsWDEFNotFound WDEFNFnd

839. error noHardwareErr noHardware: obsolete spelling

840. error errAERecordingIsAlreadyOn errOSARecordingIsAlreadyOn

841. error notEnoughHardwareErr notEnoughHardware: obsolete spelling

842. error movieToolboxUninitialized noRecordOfApp: replica

843. error 1 evtNotEnb: event not enabled at PostEvent or siInitSDTblErr: slot int dispatch table could not be initialized. or dsBusError: bus error

844. error 2 siInitVBLQsErr: VBLqueues for all slots could not be initialized. or dsAddressErr: address error

845. error 3 siInitSPTblErr: slot priority table could not be initialized. or dsIllInstErr: illegal instruction error

846. error 4 dsZeroDivErr: zero divide error

847. error 5 dsChkErr: check trap error

848. error 6 dsOvflowErr: overflow trap error

849. error 7 dsPrivErr: privilege violation error

850. error 8 telNoTools: no telephone tools found in extension folder or dsTraceErr: trace mode error

851. error 9 dsLineAErr: line 1010 trap error

852. error 10 sdmJTInitErr: SDM Jump Table could not be initialized. or dsLineFErr: line 1111 trap error

853. error 11 sdmInitErr: SDM could not be initialized. or dsMiscErr: miscellaneous hardware exception error

854. error 12 sdmSRTInitErr: Slot Resource Table could not be initialized. or dsCoreErr: unimplemented core routine error

855. error 13 sdmPRAMInitErr: Slot PRAM could not be initialized. or dsIrqErr: uninstalled interrupt error

856. error 14 sdmPriInitErr: Cards could not be initialized. or dsIOCoreErr: IO Core Error

857. error 15 dsLoadErr: Segment Loader Error

858. error 16 dsFPErr: Floating point error

859. error 17 dsNoPackErr: package 0 not present

860. error 18 dsNoPk1: package 1 not present

861. error 19 dsNoPk2: package 2 not present

862. error 20 dsNoPk3: package 3 not present

863. error 21 dsNoPk4: package 4 not present

864. error 22 dsNoPk5: package 5 not present

865. error 23 dsNoPk6: package 6 not present

866. error 24 dsNoPk7: package 7 not present

867. error 25 dsMemFullErr: out of memory!

868. error 26 dsBadLaunch: can't launch file

869. error 27 dsFSErr: file system map has been trashed

870. error 28 dsStknHeap: stack has moved into application heap

871. error 30 dsReinsert: request user to reinsert off-line volume

872. error 31 dsNotThe1: not the disk I wanted

873. error 33 negZcbFreeErr: ZcbFree has gone negative

874. error 40 dsGreeting: welcome to Macintosh greeting

875. error 41 dsFinderErr: can't load the Finder error

876. error 42 shutDownAlert: handled like a shutdown error or dsBadStartupDisk: unable to mount boot volume (sad Mac only)

877. error 43 dsSystemFileErr: canÕt find System file to open (sad Mac only)

878. error 51 dsBadSlotInt: unserviceable slot interrupt

879. error 81 dsBadSANEOpcode: bad opcode given to SANE Pack4

880. error 83 dsBadPatchHeader: SetTrapAddress saw the Òcome-fromÓ header

881. error 84 menuPrgErr: happens when a menu is purged

882. error 85 dsMBarNFnd: Menu Manager Errors

883. error 86 dsHMenuFindErr: Menu Manager Errors

884. error 87 dsWDEFNotFound: could not load WDEF

885. error 88 dsCDEFNotFound: could not load CDEF

886. error 89 dsMDEFNotFound: could not load MDEF

887. error 90 dsNoFPU: an FPU instruction was executed and the machine doesnÕt have one

888. error 98 dsNoPatch: Can't patch for particular Model Mac

889. error 99 dsBadPatch: Can't load patch resource

890. error 101 dsParityErr: memory parity error

891. error 102 dsOldSystem: System is too old for this ROM

892. error 103 ds32BitMode: booting in 32-bit on a 24-bit sys

893. error 104 dsNeedToWriteBootBlocks: need to write new boot blocks

894. error 105 dsNotEnoughRAMToBoot: must have at least 1.5MB of RAM to boot 7.0

895. error 106 dsBufPtrTooLow: bufPtr moved too far during boot

896. error 1010 dsBadLibrary: DS Errors which are specific to the new runtime model introduced with PowerPC

897. error 1011 dsMixedModeFailure: Bad shared library

898. error 20000 dsShutDownOrRestart: user choice between ShutDown and Restart

899. error 20001 dsSwitchOffOrRestart: user choice between switching off and Restart

900. error 20002 dsForcedQuit: allow the user to ExitToShell return if Cancel

901. error 20003 dsRemoveDisk: request user to remove disk from manual eject drive

902. error 20004 dsDirtyDisk: request user to return a manually-ejected dirty disk

903. error 20010 dsSCSIWarn: Portable SCSI adapter warning.

904. error 20109 dsShutDownOrResume: allow user to return to Finder or ShutDown

905. error 32767 dsSysErr: general system error

如何提高網站在微軟搜尋引擎Bing 上面的搜尋

1. 主要可以從微軟的網站管理工具webmaster 去登錄你的網站 https://www.bing.com/toolbox/webmaster
2. 通常會要你進行驗證，一般來說需要證明你對網站有控制權，所以驗證方式有下列三種
   ** 在網站下面放指定的檔案
   ** 在網站header 裡塞可以辨認的文字
   ** 在域名（ＤＮＳ）上按照指示設定特定的別名(cname)
3. 驗證過後，就可以開始透過上傳你的網站地圖，如果不知道如何產生妳的網站地圖，可以透過下列的工具幫你產生，通常網站地圖，只是讓搜尋引擎知道如何去搜尋你網站的資料，並沒有什麼高深的技術在裡面
4. https://www.labnol.org/blogger/sitemap/

民進黨奇怪的用人邏輯

讓我想到以前 前副總統呂秀蓮女士講過的一句話，李遠哲搞科學的，讓他去搞政治做行政院長，她學政治的，叫他去管國科會，總觀現在民進黨的用人邏輯，像極了白手起家的土炮執行長，純粹只想把自己人塞到特定位置上，根本不管能不能勝任，也因為這樣，吸引到的人才，都是這種無能卻有（野）心的人才

Apple市值逼近2兆美元 佔S&P 500指數權重破紀錄

猶記得兩年多前才突破1兆美元，想不到2兆元這麼快就接近，最恐怖的事
S&P 500 已經達到6.5% 占比，超越35年前IBM 所創的紀錄，這件事跟人們財富累積累似，第一桶金累積很困難，但第二桶就來得很快，真是一個錢滾錢的時代，大者恆大，富者越富

*_ 代表 可以在python被忽略的參數,屬於python idiom

例如實務上遇到要把string用=分隔成兩個參數，但卻有可能遇到分割的數目不同，這時候就可以使用 *_ 變數 ＋[None] 來處理這類問題，避免遇到Error
key ,value, *_=string.split("=")+ [None]

# 今日头条 CEO 张一鸣 (抖音TikTok創辦人）：面试了 2000 个年轻人，混得好的都有这 5 种特质

转载声明：本文转自微信公众号「互联网思维」，今日头条 CEO 张一鸣：面试了 2000 个年轻人，混得好的都有这 5 种特质。

正文

　　张一鸣算是 80 后中绝对的佼佼者。1983 年出生的张一鸣 ，在 2005 年从南开大学毕业后，至今参与创办了 5 家公司，2013 年，他先后入选《福布斯》“中国 30 位 30 岁以下的创业者”和《财富》“中国 40 位 40 岁以下的商业精英”，是目前国内互联网行业最受关注的青年领袖之一。2016 年 7 月 26 日，艾瑞发布 2016 中国独角兽企业估值榜单，今日头条以 92.3 亿美金的估值位列第 6.

　　张一鸣的成功中，他对人才的重视功不可没。张一鸣作为面试官，过去 10 年里，面试过小 2000 个年轻人，这些年轻人最初水平都差不多，但后来的发展差别非常大。张一鸣曾在“今日头条 Bootcamp”上对公司研发&产品部门应届毕业生发表了题为《Stay hungry, Stay young》的演讲，其中他分享了：

毕业多年后大家是怎么拉开差距的？

为何年轻人容易在毕业后很快就遇到了成长的天花板？

我是如何在毕业第 2 年就成了管理四五十人团队的主管？

这 10 年我遇到的优秀年轻人都有哪些特质？

张一鸣演讲整理

1. 为何毕业多年后，原本水平差不多的同学都拉开了差距？

　　大家好！各位都非常年轻，我今天来的时候挺有压力。因为我毕业快 11 年了，看到你们，真是觉得“长江后浪推前浪”。

　　我去年参加了武汉的校招，感觉新一代年轻人的素质确实都非常好。我昨天就在想，今天应该跟大家分享什么。想了想，先把题目拟出来，把乔布斯的“Stay hungry, Stay foolish”，改成“Stay hungry, Stay young”.

　　我想跟大家分享一下我自己毕业后的工作经历和体会。另外，我作为面试官，过去 10 年里，可能面试过小 2000 个年轻人。有的和我在一家公司，有的去了别家公司，他们发展差别其实非常大。从算法层面上讲，我们把这叫做“正例”和“负例”。我想分享一下：为什么“正例”和“负例”发展差别这么大？

　　什么是“Stay hungry, Stay young”？“Stay hungry”，大家都知道，就是好奇心、求知若渴、上进心。但为什么要说“Stay young”？

　　我觉得年轻人有很多优点：做事不设条条框框，没有太多自我要维护，经常能打破常规，非常努力、不妥协、不圆滑世故。

　　10 年过去了，有的年轻人，依然保持着这些很好的特质。我觉得这就算“Stay young”.

　　“Stay young”的人基本没有到天花板，一直保持着自我的成长。相反，很多人毕业后提高了技能，但到一个天花板后，就不再成长了。

2. 我先分享我的个人经历：我是如何在毕业第 2 年就成了管理四五十人团队的主管？

　　2005 年，我从南开大学毕业，加入了一家公司叫酷讯。我是最早期加入的员工之一，一开始只是一个普通工程师，但在工作第 2 年，我在公司管了四五十个人的团队，负责所有后端技术，同时也负责很多产品相关的工作。

　　有人问我：为什么你在第一份工作就成长很快？是不是你在那个公司表现特别突出？

　　其实不是。当时公司招聘标准也很高。跟我同期入职的，我记得就有两个清华计算机系的博士。

　　那我是不是技术最好？是不是最有经验？我发现都不是。后来我想了想，当时自己有哪些特质。

　　我工作时，不分哪些是我该做的、哪些不是我该做的。我做完自己的工作后，对于大部分同事的问题，只要我能帮助解决，我都去做。当时，Code Base中大部分代码我都看过了。新人入职时，只要我有时间，我都给他讲解一遍。通过讲解，我自己也能得到成长。还有一个特点，工作前两年，我基本上每天都是十二点一点回家，回家以后也编程到挺晚。确实是因为有兴趣，而不是公司有要求。所以我很快从负责一个抽取爬虫的模块，到负责整个后端系统，开始带一个小组，后来带一个小部门，再后来带一个大部门。

　　我做事从不设边界。当时我负责技术，但遇到产品上有问题，也会积极地参与讨论、想产品的方案。很多人说这个不是我该做的事情。但我想说：你的责任心，你希望把事情做好的动力，会驱动你做更多事情，让你得到很大的锻炼。我当时是工程师，但参与产品的经历，对我后来转型做产品有很大帮助。我参与商业的部分，对我现在的工作也有很大帮助。记得在07年底，我跟公司的销售总监一起去见客户。这段经历让我知道：怎样的销售才是好的销售。当我组建头条招人时，这些可供参考的案例，让我在这个领域不会一无所知。

　　以上就是我刚毕业时的特点。

3. 经过 10 年观察，我遇到的优秀的年轻人都有这 5 大特质！

　　后来，我陆续加入到各种创业团队。在这个过程中，我跟很多毕业生共处过，现在还和他们很多人保持联系。跟大家分享一下，我看到的一些好和不好的情况。总结一下，这些优秀年轻人有哪些特质呢？

　　第一，有好奇心，能够主动学习新事物、新知识和新技能。今天不太谦虚，我把自己当做正例，然后再说一个负例。我有个前同事，理论基础挺好，但每次都是把自己的工作做完就下班了。他在这家公司呆了一年多，但对网上的新技术、新工具都不去了解。所以他非常依赖别人。当他想要实现一个功能，他就需要有人帮他做后半部分，因为他自己只能做前半部分——如果是有好奇心的人，前端、后端、算法都去掌握、至少有所了解的话，那么很多调试分析，自己一个人就可以做。

　　第二，对不确定性保持乐观。比方说头条最开始时，我跟大家讲：我们要做1亿的日启动次数。（当然，现在不止 1 亿了，我们现在的日启动次数已经差不多 5 亿。）很多人觉得，你这家小公司怎么可能做得到呢？大公司才能做得好。所以他就不敢努力去尝试。只有乐观的人会相信，会愿意去尝试。其实我加入酷讯时也是这样。那家公司当时想做下一代搜索引擎（最后也没有做成，只做了旅游的垂直搜索）。我不知道其他人怎么想的，我自己觉得很兴奋。我确实没有把握，也不知道怎么做，但当时就去学，就去看所有这些相关东西。我觉得最后也许不一定做成，或者没有完全做到，但这个过程也会很有帮助——只要你对事情的不确定性保持乐观，你会更愿意去尝试。

　　第三，不甘于平庸。我们在座各位，在同学中已经非常优秀了。但我想说，其实走向社会后，应该再设定更高的标准。我见到很多大学期间的同学、一起共事的同事中，有很多非常不错的人才，技术、成绩都比我好。但 10 年过去，很多人没有达到我的预期：我觉得他应该能做得很好，但他却没有做到。

　　很多人毕业后，目标设定就不高了。我回顾了一下，发现有同事加入银行IT部门：有的是毕业后就加入，有的是工作一段时间后加入。为什么我把这个跟“不甘于平庸”挂在一起呢？因为他们很多人加入，是为了快点解决北京户口，或者当时有些机构有分房补助，可以购买经济适用房。

　　后来我就在想一个问题，如果自己不甘于平庸，希望做得非常好的话，其实不会为这些东西担心：是否有北京户口，是否能买上一套经济适用房？

　　如果一个人一毕业，就把目标定在这儿：在北京市五环内买一个小两居、小三居，把精力都花在这上面，那么工作就会受到很大影响。他的行为会发生变化，不愿意冒风险。

　　比如我见到以前的朋友，他业余做一些兼职，获取一些收入。那些兼职其实没有什么技术含量，而且对本职工作有影响，既影响他的职业发展，也影响他的精神状态。我问他为什么，他说，哎，快点出钱付个首付。我觉得他看起来是赚了，其实是亏的。

　　不甘于平庸很重要。我说不平庸，并不是专门指薪酬要很高或者技术很好，而是你对自己的标准一定要高。也许你前两年变化得慢，但10年后再看，肯定会非常不一样。

　　第四，不傲娇，要能延迟满足感。我在这里举个反例：两个我印象比较深刻的年轻人，素质、技术都蛮不错，也都挺有特点。我当时是他们的主管，发现他们在工作中deliver的情况始终不好。他们觉得其他同事比他们做得差，其实不是：他们确实可以算作在当时招的同事里面 TOP 20%，但误以为自己是 TOP 1%。所以很多基础一点的工作，比如要做一个调试工具，他就不愿意做，或者需要跟同事配合的工作，他就配合得不好。

　　本来都是资质非常好的人才，人非常聪明、动手能力也强，但没有控制好自己的傲娇情绪。我觉得这和“不甘于平庸”不矛盾。“不甘于平庸”是你目标要设得很高，“不傲娇”是你对现状要踏实。

　　这 2000 个样本当中，我见到很多我原来觉得很好的，其实没有我想象中的发展好，我原来觉得不好的，其实超出我的预期。这里我也举个例子：

　　当时我们有个做产品的同事，也是应届生招进来，当时大家都觉得他不算特别聪明，就让他做一些比较辅助的工作，统计一下数据啊做一下用户反弹啊之类。但现在，他已经是一个十亿美金公司的副总裁。

　　后来我想想，他的特点就是肯去做，负责任，从来不推诿，只要他有机会承担的事情，他总尽可能地做好。每次也不算做得特别好，但我们总是给他反馈。他去了那家公司后，从一个用户量不到 10 万的边缘频道负责起来，把这个频道越做越好。由于这是一个边缘频道，没有配备完整的团队，所以他一个人承担了很多职责，也得到了很多锻炼。

　　第五，对重要的事情有判断力。选什么专业、选什么公司、选什么职业、选什么发展路径，自己要有判断力，不要被短期选择而左右。上面一些例子，也都涵盖了这一点。比如当时很多人愿意去外企，不愿意去新兴的公司。06、07 年，很多师弟、师妹问我职业选择，我都建议他们去百度，不要去 IBM、微软。但实际上，很多人都是出于短期考虑：外企可能名气大、薪酬高一点。

　　虽然这个道理，大家都听过很多遍。刚毕业时薪酬差三五千块，真的可以忽略不计。短期薪酬差别并不重要。但实际上，能摆脱这个、能有判断力的人，也不是特别多。

　　这些就是我想跟大家分享的。谢谢！

张一鸣 10 年感悟

1. 不断为公司招揽牛逼人才是创始人最重要的任务之一，他曾为了挖角工程师亲自勾搭两个月

　　张一鸣在拿到创业邦年度创业人物称号发表演讲时说：除了吃饭、睡觉，就是招人。

　　作为一个创业公司的创始人，我花最多的时间一直在招聘上。我夜归很晚的时候大部分原因是去见候选人，有时候甚至从下午聊到凌晨。我相信并不是每一个 CEO 都是好 HR，但是我自己在努力做一个认真诚恳的HR。

　　今日头条早期没有什么资源，张一鸣曾为了挖一位微软前资深工程师，像调查记者一样了解对方。

　　张一鸣不断打电话，打听他的信息。初步了解情况以后，张一鸣想尽办法加上对方的微博微信。他会偶尔点赞、评论互动，提升自己好感度。“前期信息收集越仔细，他越会觉得你对他的工作、公司环境乃至他那个部门的特点都如此了解，这样你和他的对话就能产生共鸣，他对你的信任度会提高。”

　　好几天的调查、两个月的沟通，交成朋友再开始介绍自己的公司。最终，他在一家咖啡馆成功邀请这位工程师加盟今日头条。

　　“每次要做之前我都觉得挺累的，但是招到人了又会很兴奋。”张一鸣说。

2. 舍得为人才和发展花钱，把公司搬到帝都中心、发住房补贴，让员工远离郊区

　　张一鸣说：年轻人工作生活应该住在市中心，哪怕房子小一点，在市区有更多的活动和交流，下班之后也不需要浪费大好时光和宝贵经理挤地铁。年纪轻轻不要着急在郊区，尤其房山、沙河、天通苑之类的远郊定居，买了房网其实也建议搬到市区来。

　　张一鸣做了两点：一是把公司搬倒了帝都中心知春路；二是给每个员工每月 1500 元的住房补贴，今日头条每年在这方面的补助高达 3000 万元。

　　“就近居住和加不加班没关系，节省的时间用于健身读书看电影也很好。”张一鸣称。

3. 自省是创业路上的导师：适度、可管理的沮丧让我保持清醒

　　我很早以前就意识到，公司规模扩大了，CEO 角色也很容易就会陷入到一个不利的局面里——公司周围很少有人能够给自己提有效的要求和批评。

　　这时候创业者的自知、自制力和反省能力就变得尤为重要，能从轻微的意见和异常中发现自己的问题并修正，就是一种慎独。

　　这种氛围下，创业者很容易会滋生出不自觉的满足感，这种满足感会像病毒一样影响、侵入我们的深入思考能力，这个时候引入适度、可管理的沮丧，反而能让人保持清醒。

4. 创业过程中做决策要三思而后行，三思的迭代要快

　　这是张一鸣创业路上体会最深的感悟之一：创业路上会有很多不确定性，让我们决策时纠结犹豫，说好听一点就是“三思”。

　　三思没有问题，是人之常情，作为一个不那么激进的创业者，我也常有这种状态。但用产品经理的话来讲，三思后的迭代速度必须快。这也是一种创业必须要有的心态。

　　随着公司规模的扩大，我越来越倾向于把公司当做一个产品来看待：产品迭代要快，公司迭代也要快，毕竟这个社会给你的时间窗口其实是有限的。

　　把公司当做产品，提前设想好各个环节的迭代度，努力去做后你会发现，整个公司的迭代速度也会大大提升。

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政府花太多時間在搞各式各樣的振興券了

最近一推類振興券，除了擾民話，個資外洩也一個問題，明明政府手上就一推民眾資料，最帶頭要

個部分隨便弄個app 或 網站，然後就要民眾上網填個資，我猜這些app 或網站也都是外包給隨

便的公司弄的，也沒在管資料放在哪，到處亂撒補助，如果真的要給補助，為什麼不能就到時候

報稅給個額外的扣抵額，拿發票抵稅之類的，而且看現在各種票券，也不是所有店家都參與，參

與的也常常會搞些小動作，讓花錢的人跟賺錢的人都不開心，而且每個部會都在搞這種沒實質生

產意義的東西，真搞不懂這著政府到底還有沒有醒者的人，對未來越來越沒信心了

How to see what are the services running in Max OS

sudo launchctl list
ps -ef |grep /Library/StartupItems

如何在Finder中顯示系統隱藏檔案

在檔案選取時，要是沒看到系統隱藏檔案，只要按一次下列的快速鍵即可
Cmd + Shift + . (dot)

No module named "Crypto"

解決方法就是使用新版本的pycrypt ==> pycryptodome 替代
pip uninstall crypto pycryptodome
pip install pycryptodome

今天嘗試在我的Mac上安裝canon EOS utility 發現每次點了安裝後就沒反應，看了半天也不知道原因，後來查了一下，發現似乎是他在偵測系統語系上有點問題，因為我的語系預設使用英文，但我下載的是從台灣下載的，於是把預設語系轉到中文後，重開機在測試一下，果然一切就正常了

Security testing in DevOps

Before we continue to talk about security testing in nowadays, you must aware
traditional security can't fit in DevOps.  Because the  major traditional security control
rely on "Separation of Duty", it is conflict with DevOps "take full responsibility".
Security must Change or Die in DevOps.

Emerging patterns for security in a DevOps world

Traditional Security	DevSecOps
Embrace secrecy	Create Feedback Loops
Just Pass Audit!	Compliance adds Value
Enforce Stability	Create Chaos
Build a wall	Zero Trust Network
Slow Validation	Fast and Non-blocking
Certainly Testing	Adversity Testing
Test when Done	Shift Left
Process Driven	The Paved Road